ABSTRACT
Objective To discuss effects of three different-intensity exercise on oxidative stress and adiponectin/adiponectin receptor1/2 of the liver in obese rats.Methods Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were fed high-lipid fodder and became the obesity model after 16 weeks.Then they were randomly divided into a high-lipid control group (HF),a low-intensity exercise group (HS),a moderate-intensity exercise group (HM) and an exercise group with progressive intensity (HI),each of 8.Another 8 rats were chosen into a normal control group (NC).The speed of treadmill running of group HS and HM was 10m/min and 15m/min respectively,while that of group HI was10m/min for 20 min,followed by another 20min at and still another 20min at 28～30m/min,five days a week for 6 weeks.Six weeks later,the weight,alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),adiponectin receptors1/2,adiponectin,triglyceride (TG),cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C) and free fatty acid (FFA) were tested.Results Compared with group NC,significant increase was observed in the average weight,TG,TC,LDL-C,FFA,ALT,AST,MDA,TNF-α and IL-6 (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while significant decrease was found in the average HDL-C,SOD,adiponectin and adiponectin receptors1/2 of group HF (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with group HF,there was significant decrease in the average weight,TG,LDL-C,FFA,ALT,MDA,TNF-α and IL-6 (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),but significant increase in the average SOD,adiponectin,AR1 and AR2 of group HS,HM and HI (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and only HDL-C of group HM increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with group HS and HI,significant decrease was found in the average FFA and MDA (P＜0.05),while significant increase was found in the average adiponectin and AR2 of group HM (P＜0.05).Conclusion Aerobic exercise can improve abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress,strengthen free radical scavenging capacity,prevent liver cell inflammation injury and ameliorate liver metabolism disorder of obese rats induced by high-lipid fodder.Moreover,the effect of moderate-intensity exercise is superior to low-intensity exercise or exercise with progressive intensity,whose mechanism may be related to further activating liver adiponectin receptor 2 through increasing serum adiponectin.
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Objective To explore the effects of telmisartan on expression of peroxisome proliferators PPARs activated receptors and adiponectin receptor 2 in rats with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).Methods Forty male SD rats were randomized into normal-diet control group (NC,n=15),high fat-diet control group (FC,n=15),and high fat-diet with telmisartan group (FT,n =10).NC group was given standard diet and the other two groups were given high-fat diet.At the end of the 12th week,5 rats which were randomly selected from both the NC and FC groups were given euglycermic hyperinsulinemia clamp to see if fat-liver model of rats with insulin resistance was successfully induced,and rat livers were removed for pathological examination to determine the extents of NASH.Afterwards,rats in the FT group was given telmisartan (5 mg/kg·d) while rats in both the NC and FC groups were given the same volume of 0.9% saline solution by intragastric gavage for another 4 weeks.After glucose infusion rates (GIRs) were obtained by the euglycermic hyperinsulinemia clamp technique at the end of the 16th week,all rats were sacrificed and the body weight was recorded,and serum lipids,aminotransferases and fasting blood glucose were measured.The mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs),adiponectin receptor-2 and angiotensin II type-1 receptor in the liver tissue were assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions.Results The expressions of PPARα,PPARγ and AdipoR2 mRNA in the liver tissue of FC group were decreased significantly compared with the NC group (P<0.01),and the expression of AT1R mRNA of the liver tissue in FC group was increased significantly compared with NC group (P<0.01).Compared with the FC group,the expressions of PPARα,PPARγ and AdipoR2 mRNA in the FT group were increased (P<0.01).Serum aminotransferases,lipids and fasting blood glucose level in the rats of FC group were increased significantly compared with rats of the NC group (P<0.01),and serum aminotransferases,lipids and fasting blood glucose level in the rats of FT group were greatly improved compared with the FC group.Conclusions Telmisartan can improve glucose and lipid metabolism,stop weight gain,decrease liver index,and alleviate steatosis and inflammation of NASH rats by improving insulin resistance.Telmisartan may play an effective role in the protection of rat liver with NASH.
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Objective To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of ADIPOR2 with serum APN level ,inti‐ma‐media thickness(IMT)and atherothrombosis cerebral infarction risk .Methods The case control study was adopted ,300 patients with atherothrombosis cerebral infarction in our hospital from September 2009 to September 2014 were selected as the observation group ,meanwhile contemporaneous 300 individuals undergoing the physical examination were selected as the control group .The clinical data in all the subjects were collected and performed the carotid arterial examination ,the serum APN level was detected ,the rs12342 polymorphism of ADIPOR2 gene was detected .The genetic polymorphisms of ADIPOR2 were compared between the two groups and its relationship with serum APN and IMT was analyzed .Results The probability for suffering from atherothrombosis cerebral infarction in the AA genotype was increased compared with the GG genotype ,the difference was statistically significant (OR=1 .903 ,95% CI:1 .092-2 .703 ,P=0 .011) .Compared with the control group ,the IM T values in various subgenotype groups of the observation group were elevated ,while the APN levels were decreased ,the differences were statistically significant ( P<0 .01) .Compared with the genotype GG ,the IM T values in the genotype AA and AG were increased and APN levels were de‐creased ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Genetic polymorphisms of ADIPOR2 maybe a genetic locus for the pathogenesis of Chinese Han people of atherothrombosis cerebral infarction .
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Objective To investigate the different expressions of adiponectin receptor 2(AdipoR2) mRNA in liver between diet-induced obese rats and controls.Methods The level of AdipoR2 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by insulin sensitivity index(ISI).Results Diet-induced obese rats showed higher expression of AdipoR2 mRNA compare to controls.The ISI of diet-induced obese rats was lower than that of controls.Conclusion High energy diet induceds AdipoR2 expression in liver.